For the heart and blood vessels

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Heart and blood vessels on guard of health!

Cardiovascular disease is caused by disorders of the heart and blood vessels. These include coronary heart disease - heart attacks, cardiovascular disease - strokes, high blood pressure - hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease and heart failure.

  The main causes of cardiovascular disease are:

- tobacco smoking:

- lack of physical activity;

- malnutrition;

- alcohol consumption.

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Although many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be treated or prevented, the WHO estimates that 17.1 million people die from CVDs each year. A significant number of these deaths can be attributed to tobacco smoking, which increases the risk of death from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease by 2-3 times. The risk of death increases with age and is greater for women than for men. In contrast, the rate of heart disease fell by 50% in those who quit smoking, and the risk of CVD also decreases significantly during the first two years after quitting. Continuing to smoke after a myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization can have serious clinical consequences. Even eight years after myocardial infarction disease, the mortality of patients who continue to smoke is twice that of those who quit smoking. In addition, those who did not quit smoking after coronary revascularization also have a double risk of recurrent heart attack and death.

Heart health is everyone's personal concern

Research shows that although physicians are well aware of the CVD risks associated with tobacco smoking, they are not well trained to help their patients stop smoking. Physicians can identify a significant number of smokers during consultations, but many patients do not seek help to stop smoking. In Ukraine, taking care of one's health is, first of all, a personal matter for everyone. Unfortunately, we do not have effective programs designed specifically to encourage patients to quit smoking, thereby reducing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in order to stay healthy and feel life in all its vivid manifestations, lead a healthy and fulfilling lifestyle, relying, first of all, on yourself.

Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the most common cause of death worldwide (31% of all deaths). One of the main parameters that allow us to easily monitor its function and identify violations in time is blood pressure .

Normal blood pressure is:

Systolic ("upper") - 100-139, diastolic ("lower") - 60-89 mm Hg.

Its level is estimated by the average value of several measurements (for example, in the morning and in the evening for 7 days). In this case, it is important to observe the following rules:

• Calm environment, preliminary rest 5-10 minutes.
• Sitting position, leaning on the back of a chair, the hand rests on the table, palm up.
• The cuff is applied 2-3 centimeters above the elbow.
• The tonometer tube is located along the median line of the inner side of the forearm.

Low blood pressure is a consequence of reduced tone of the vascular wall. Accompanied by weakness, drowsiness, dizziness and even fainting. It can both occur in completely healthy people, and be a manifestation of chronic pathology. For the treatment of hypotension, stimulant drugs are successfully used: ginseng, magnolia vine, eleutherococcus. The effect of tonic drinks is good - coffee and green tea, 1-3 cups a day are enough. Absolutely necessary for hypotension moderate physical activity, walks in the fresh air and good sleep.

Elevated blood pressure in multiple studies allows you to establish the diagnosis of "hypertension". Clinically, it is manifested by headache, tinnitus, nosebleeds, decreased performance. In later stages, palpitations, swelling, shortness of breath may appear. However, there may not be any symptoms.

Complications of uncontrolled hypertension - myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm dissection and heart failure - are dangerous and threatening conditions.

Risk factors that increase the likelihood of hypertension:

• Age over 55 years.
• Diseases of the heart and blood vessels in close relatives.
• Bad habits.
• Diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.
• Dyslipidemia (increase in plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, low HDL).